Chen JunShi: The food security question will cause the great economic losses

Chen JunShi: The food security question will cause the great economic losses
Chen JunShi: The food security question will cause the great economic losses
Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering Chen JunShi, one of the founders of toxicologic discipline of food of our country, nutrition and food security expert of enjoying high reputation both at home and abroad. Have taken the post as the Deputy Director of Ins of Nutrition Food Hygiene of China Preventive Medicial Science Inst, society's Vice President of China's toxicity. Incumbent Center for Disease Prevention and Control of China nutrition and food security researcher. Engaged in selenium and Keshan disease to study in 1968-1976, obtained Schwartz's international award of 1984; Launched by cooperating with Connell university and Oxford University in 1983-1993 " Chinese meal, life style and disease mortality relation are studied " ,The monograph obtains the first prize of the scientific and technological progress of Ministry of Public Health (the first author) as CancerRes.1992 annual 11 issues of front cover ; Promoted the research of total meal in China three times in 1990-2000, the developing countries praised as by World Health Organization launch the model that studies of total meal; Preside over tea, give protection against cancer, study key item 1994-1998 year, crowd intervene, study, up to international leading level. Study and popularize NaFeEDTA and strengthen the soy sauce and prevent anaemia systematically from the year 1998 till now, obtain international fund of 3 million dollars. Regarded as the country the group leader of expert panel of special " key control technology of food security " of great science and technology of " 15 " since 2001. Good morning, the topic given to me today is to tell the food security question. The food security is a question that everybody cares about, there are many puzzled and misunderstanding too. Go until the State Council whether we still can take anything from leadership to a word that general common people say often. I want to tell you, this sentence is incorrect. Why? I want to explain with you with some following contents. What is the food security question? The definition of WHO is a public health question of impact on health of poisonous harmful substance in the food. Two are closed and is strong in words here " The poisonous harmful substance in the food " , " impact on health " ,Namely these two close and is strong in words forming a food security problem at the same time. If only there are poisonous harmful substances but not cause influence or unlikely to cause influence on the health on the health not to form the food security question. So ask everybody to remember, it accords with this definition to fry the so-called food security question those very livelily several years ago. The food security receives the extensive concern in the whole world. The food security question influences everybody's health, this does not need to be doubted. The second food security question will cause the great economic losses, Britain suffers heavy losses because of mad cow disease economy, and often cause the international food trade dispute, may go to World Trade Organization to go to court. Often there is a political consequence in the food security question finally. The food security question from last year to now China receives all kinds of queries in the world, to Chinese Government, that is a political issue, otherwise the leader of the State Council will not pay such a big concern to such a pure public health question. Since how important the food security question is, how to solve? Have already reached common understanding now in the world, no matter the intersection of expert and aspect or the intersection of government and aspect think, solve the intersection of food security and problem any must follow the dangerous frame (risk) unanimously Analyze. Risk analysis is made up of three parts, first, pure expert's behavior (risk assessment) First, pure government's behavior (risk management) First, the behavior related to all people (risk is exchanged) . For example, the heart duck's egg incident which you may not forget to take place last year that I think, because use the Sudan to make the duck's egg yellow to guide the red that people like red illegally in the feed. This one phenomenon, expert carry on risk assessment should first find out what is red the Sudan in such task behind the situation of discovering. The expert, through discussing that it is a poisonous harmful substance, carcinogen of animal to think the Sudan red. Though evidence does not prove that has carcinogenic effect on people, the carcinogenic evidence to animal is abundant. How much is contained in duck's egg on earth the Sudan is red the second expert further studies. The expert thinks the red content that exists in the heart duck's egg in the Sudan is so low that have 9 powers of defeats of 10 only to get and is defeated by for 12 powers. The third expert, through a series of mathematical model and discussing that the conclusion assessing must happen finally, such a the intersection of the Sudan and red the intersection of heart and duck's egg that cause, want, take 1000 and eat, can lead to the fact danger to consumers continuously per person per day. This is the expert's risk assessment behavior, the conclusion is probably carcinogenic in order to eat 1000 red heart duck's eggs of the Sudan containing such content per person per day finally. Notice ones that used here may, because evidence does not prove it is to people carcinogen, unless people and animal are red and sensitive equally to the Sudan. This risk assessment should be told the government official (the risk administrator) as soon as possible ,Expert (risk assessor) Assess result, tell risk after the administrator, risk administrator assess on the basis of the expert's science, make decision according to local culture, economic, the habits and customs, political factor at that time,etc.. The assessment of the share of expert in the front is all accurate in the the four seas that are put, no matter white man, black person, old man, child, man, woman are all applicable, take on risk assessment and make according to various factors in this country, this area. What administrator will make to red heart duck's egg in the Sudan the risk to make policy? Feed additive of this true-false method at first, the government does not allow to add red its true-false method in the Sudan in the feed or food, at once should ban, produce, contain the intersection of the Sudan and red duck's egg, shelf under have produce already take again, demonetize. The second government should stand out as soon as possible and tell all groups, individuals correlated to food clearly, the Sudan presents true-false method in the heart duck's egg red, we have already ordered to forbid, but according to the expert's assessment, if has eaten and contained the red heart duck's egg in the Sudan, it is very light that the probability of the health risk takes place, will not in other words cause danger to the health, and tell the reason. This is a part of information interchange of the risk, what the information interchange of the risk involved is all organizations and individuals correlated to food security, including processor, responsible institution, ordinary people and every media present, so the relevant people for the interests of all risks that we called. Consumers have on food any doubt that should be inquired expert, feedbacked to the government, and the government is the leader who carries on risk assessment. He tells expert that I need to carry on risk assessment to the heart duck's egg now, the result assessed should be certainly feedbacked, so everybody can see all arrowheads are two-way. Is disease that the pathogenic microorganism causes what food security questions does our country of important food security problem have? What is the characteristic of the food security question of our country? Telling the characteristic at first, we are that old and new problems coexist now. The source is outstanding in pollution, more than 200 million peasant households disperse producing food raw materials, including fish, egg, milk,etc.. Few in the collective farm, Organized peasant few, Israel our country the intersection of peasant and the intersection of knowledge and level, the intersection of tactics and consciousness in addition, the intersection of market and interests drive at present, if no heart duck's egg will take place, it is all qualified to be abnormal situations that pesticide of vegetables remains. Whether this words may be spoken a bit and hung, the government official will not talk so, but can be clear to tell everybody, what I said is absolutely true. When peasants have not realized yet, sale the Sudan is red to peasants in the middle association of dealers, tell peasants to put this red medicine in the feed, turns red if the duck's egg is yellow, willing naturally for it that raise duck's family, because can reflect the economic benefits several months later. This is a current situation of China, we face such an era. Food processing of us quality of enterprise bad at the same time, everyone speak clearly China how many the intersection of food and manufacturing and processing enterprises does it have really, (excluding the restaurant, hotel) It is about 500,000 that it is said to have really. The great majority in this 500,000 are small and medium enterprises. What is the small business? Namely invests under 100,000, workers are fewer than 10 people's. The outstanding big enterprise dealing in the forehead more than one hundred million every year is few, though they are widely known by the people, but count uncountable in our life small and medium enterprises, can infer the quality of these enterprises is not high. If will certainly let it observe operational procedure of hygiene, it is not possible that the total microbial quantity does not exceed standard. If say all of our food microorganism that produces, Escherichia coli do not exceed standard, go on according to the operational procedure of the hygiene, it is not a normal situation, it must be untrue too. In this case it is not strange to present the question that additive exceeds standard and uses at all. Often see the saccharin exceeds standard in preserved sweetened plum, the factory producing preserved sweetened plum is all small enterprises on the newspaper, the one that does not isn't it that well, it is not strange but the problem happens. The information interchange of the food security is not very unblocked now in our country. It is said the information interchange frame, but our present situation is not like this in front of me. Honest to tell the food security information not from health minister, secretary of agriculture, Quality Testing Bureau chief that the leader of the State Council knows but come from the media. The media propagandizes anything, the State Council leads human-orientedly to believe something, point out, come down at once after what does it believe, then media scalp, engaged in in popular anxiety further. I want, launch, say everybody still Lenovo the intersection of heart and duck's egg. I have no intention to criticize the media, the duck's egg incident expert of the heart has cooked some assessment, but the expert assesses and does more slowly, because has not led the order to do. After the expert assesses and tells a administrator, administrators got experts without having a department to stand out to tell consumers and the media to assess as soon as possible you are not be alarmed. The scientist's words are uncomplicated, but none of departments stand out and tell everybody, namely take 1000 the intersection of heart and duck's egg and eat, can lead to the fact the health to health continuously per person per day. The State Council 14 department stand out, say what these while being none of, so fire from mainland to Hong Kong, cause everybody to be in popular anxiety, discuss red changes, even it is anxious to eat tomatoes, say this is red too. Of our country the intersection of food security and overall situation should say or not good. This invention of me, but Standing Committee of the National People's Congress give report of the State Council several years ago. With what to prove the overall situation is good? Because it is much more well to compare with before. The overall food qualification rate of our country weighed and probably only accounted for 5.6% according to the standard 15 years ago, now has already been up to about 90%, all above 90% in the big city. The soy sauce lags behind because of the mode of production, it is most difficult to be qualified, but the qualification rate of the soy sauce of now is in 80%, and qualification rates of the famous-brand soy sauce are basically close a hundred per cent. But the food security problem that we have can't be ignored either, some are even still very serious. What is our main food security question? I have listed three big classes. First big class No. 1 question most important problem, whom microorganism cause eat source disease, it is polluted that the second is chemical. I classify using additive illegally as the third very unwillingly. Eating the source disease that the pathogenic microorganism causes is the No.1 food security issue in the whole world, certainly it is No. one to arrange in China's food security too. Why say so? Everybody review will it be the eighties last century Shanghai catch, wipe out Mao Han, cause the 300,000th people hepatitis A to prevail, this has been still a world record up till now, a lot of reference textbooks of world have quoted hepatitis A in Shanghai and broken into the incident. Though the intersection of hepatitis A and easy people extremely, 300,000 people cause a disease how be no the No.1 food security issue? The definition of the food security question " The poisonous harmful substance " " cause and endanger " Have. We have Escherichia coli, O157: H7, 20,000 people happen and was poisoned in Anhui of Jiangsu,etc. in 2001, 177 people died, Ministry of Public Health did not receive the report. The number that the salmonella will be caused every year breaks out with one hundred people's poisoning. Enough to prove microorganisms caused must be putting the one No. 1 while eating source disease. But it is in a sorry one had these news value, media will not report. The media is numerous today, I declare repeatedly I have no intention of attacking the media, but this is a fact. The media reports absolutely, but will not exceed several hundred words. But chemical food poisoning has much news value, residues of pesticides, heavy metal, organic pollution,etc. are very attractive, exposed everywhere. The edible food containing additive will seldom influence the health to be preceding I talk about the background of our country, the peasant households with more than 200 million of China disperse and produce, hundreds of thousandses of small and medium-sized enterprises process, produce the food, so chemical contamination, residues of pesticides, heavy metal, animal remedy residue, mould toxin, environmental endocrine interference problem exist. The variety of the chemical contamination of our country is very complete, we have some of foreign country. Third question about the food additive. It is very unwilling to classify him as the third type food security question to just mention me. Because we use additive to cause danger to consumers illegally to almost met a so-called food security incident, no evidence proves. Everybody can see saccharin exceeding standard, edulcorant exceeding standard, preservative exceeds standard etc., the food does not include preservative, additive,etc. falsely and propagate to exist everywhere now. But science should speak and follow the card, when to see food additive causes danger to consumers? Can tell everybody not to have, no matter the saccharin exceeds standard or heart duck's egg. But include Chinese consumer's subconscious all thinking unanimously the use of food additive is the most important problem of our food security at present in regions of Southeast Asia inside, this is the question that a consumer care about most in other words, this conclusion is a large amount of questionnaire investigation appeared. Not merely China, Philippine, Indonesia, Thailand are all the same, developed countries are different, the residents of developed country do not think food additive is very important food security question. We have done more detailed investigations, watch See how much saccharin Chinese eat on earth. No doubt, China is the country that the saccharin was used most in the world. All enterprises are impossible according to the maximum standard saccharin consumption, even allow the maximum saccharin consumption to calculate according to the national regulation, how much saccharin we see and per person per day eat. The person 3-6 years old eats all food and beverage containing saccharin, according to calculating, it is safe to per kilogram of weight per person per day eat 5 milligrams of saccharin in assessment result that the international expert obtains. According to 97.5 the intersection of peak and -figure number, wipe out the intersection of saccharin and largest crowd, calculate in 100 people, the child only has 2.5 milligrams. The whole country of 15 provinces of our country pollutes the monitoring net, bring all food which contain the saccharin, this to measure actually, how content have little saccharin in the food, we make content most high (97.5) Bring out, be regarded as with two times 97.5, crowd of age group of 3-6 years old tastes less than 5 milligrams. Because the group that age is young, the weight is light, it is high to calculate him to take in the same saccharin quantity, but eat 5 milligrams per kilogram per person per day even if it is them. And 10% food is an ultra target in the sample which we collected according to the saccharin content of the national standard, take 10% saccharin exceed standard food is still safe too, have, 90% accord with standard what's more. So everybody mustn't care about the question of food additive very much, this is that a government wants the tube, but it is not possible in the most recent several years that so many all additive of small and medium enterprise does not exceed standard. We, to having various misunderstandings to consumers to government's leadership on the food question. The first consumer demands to be free from risk. Everybody comes to listen to the report, do I have a risk to give a report here? No matter come by bus or come on foot, it is risky. Why do you think this risk can be accepted then? Do you sit here hearing but not anxious without the least hesitation? I do not worry standing here giving a report either, because we think this risk is acceptable. Why did that require the food security risk is zero? This is not very rational. Free from risk and exist only under the environment of vacuum. So hope everybody has a balanced psychology, contrast the preceding situation of China in the past that I explain, integrate with world, understand, require that can accept the risk. In addition we overly pay attention to so chemically as to pollute and ignore and eat the source to pollute. The third is equivalent to fake and forged commodity and food security generally. Fake and forged commodity and food security should probably coexist with us for a long time, but can not be equivalent to. Though some fake and forged food probably causes danger to consumer's health, for example fake wine (Chinese liquor concocted with methanol) But most counterfeit and shoddy products will not cause danger to consumers, though it is illegal. False egg did not come out in Henan last autumn, eggshell, egg yolk, egg white, nearly the same as the real egg, it is not an egg, but the material that it uses is safe, there is no poisonous harmful substance. Why do I say fake and forged problem and food security question not to equivalent to? It is few because of real food security, and fake and forged problems are many, if equivalent to exaggerating the food security question virtually, make everybody more panic. It is not a department that is in charge of fake and forgedly and in charge of food security. The intersection of food and diversification can reduce, suffer from cancer because of pollution probability second mistaken idea to think carcinogen pollution mean carcinogen food. Often see it is carcinogen that the newspaper propagates the fried instant noodles, not in fact. The food that carcinogen pollutes is everywhere, include carcinogen pollutant in the peel of the Beijing Roasted Duck, in the kebob, but this just proves that carcinogenic to the animal, conclusive evidence does not prove carcinogenic to people, certainly we should eat few. The counter-measure must carry on risk assessment to the food security, the administrator should make decision to risk assessment and have abundant confidence to exchange. But we carry on the assessment in the national-level authoritative organization which no government asserts now, Ministry of Public Health had expert's teams, but not national-level, it was not the State Council that approved of. Risk management is assessed according to science to a great extent, but does not lack the behavior of patting the head either, the situation that is exchanged is worse. So country pay attention to food security is medium and long-term to have content of food security plan scientifically, further now, " eleven five " The country continues having key technology of food security specially, the Ministry of Science and Technology has invested the support of very large intensity. And in eleven five national economy development plans which the State Council announces, there are food and safe project of medicines for the first time. The State Council has established the leading group for the food security and published the white paper. Our good hope is that " food safety law " can be issued before the end of this year. Consumer should learn self-protection, talk about in front the I finally, you are certain to ask, you talk about pesticide in the vegetables of now, it is inevitable that some exceeds standard. Exceeding standard in some food of total number of bacteria is inevitable too, how does that consumer discern whether pesticide of the vegetables exceeds standard? Consumers are very passive, very helpless, I propose learning some self-protection skills and general scientific knowledge for you. Should accomplish the food diversifiedly first, waiting for professor Yang XiaoGuang will tell the food in term of being equilibrate meal, nutrition diversifiedly. The food diversification can ensure the food security too, reduce the food security to endanger. Because the food not up to standard is only the minority after all, the majority is qualified, so if the fragrant-flowered garlic is apt to accumulate the residues of pesticides, why will you eat the fragrant-flowered garlic everyday? Why can not be by eating once a week? So the food diversification microorganisms, chemical risks of the possible food security once, dissolve greatly. In addition advise everybody to buy the famous-brand food as buying the clothes, bean curd, chicken,etc. have brands now, everybody can go to the large supermarket to buy the brand products, more reliable. Isn't it that the market of farm produce can't go, just have a big risk a little, the things of market of farm produce are very fresh, there is appetite at will, if you go there to do shopping very happy, it is possible to go once on ten and a half days month. The third knows essential food security general knowledge of some, some consumers worry about the residues of pesticides of vegetables, steep the vegetables with washing fairy, deal with another kind of chemical with a kind of chemical, the intersection of washing and fairy safe but washing to wash tableware in fairy, want, wash, shed, also will remain with the intersection of washing and the intersection of fairy and the intersection of bubble and the intersection of washing and fairy, steep, steep nutrient of vegetables like this. Teach everybody a method, can wash with flowing water, residual pesticide of surface is great majority, the ones that were really sucked in are minority, and will be processed and will cook. Take left thing, want, put into the refrigerator, take, come out, eat, take, heat fully. While buying in addition, buy fresh eating the material and so long as add the above-mentioned three, can rest assure of eating the food, certainly you can't demand to be free from risk, thank you.


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